PM 2.5 REDUCTION BY THE SMART ABSORPTION TOWER-CONTROLLED SYSTEM USING IOT

Abstract

This research was done to be as a model and project guideline. One form of using technology is to solve the problem of PM2.5 in cities. Fine Particulate Matter like PM 2.5 affects people in the town a lot during the dry season in North Thailand and Bangkok. One of the leading causes of PM2.5 generation is traffic problems, which seriously impact pedestrians on roadsides and at public bus stops. Therefore, this research has two phases. Phase 1 The research was studied, designed, and produced air purification towers by studying the experiment's four techniques such as 1) Droplet sizes, 2) Turbulence water, 3) Packed-beds material, and 4) Surfactants, until it led to a hybrid water purification tower system. This PM2.5 air purification tower was obtained by studying various variables until a water spray system combined with a turbulence water system was used to remove PM2.5. It was more efficient than 80% at droplet size 270 microns with a liquid-to-air ratio of 9 in the spray section and water level 100-150mm above the nozzle in the turbulence water part. According to conditions tested in the laboratory using Internet of Thing technology to help measure results in real-time and find efficiency. After that, try using the clean air values from the hybrid wet scrubber to design the air duct system with the computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software to measure the results if the clean air tower was installed with the airflow outlet duct system at the bus shelter.

Finally, in phase 2, the PM2.5 air purification tower was installed at the bus shelter on the road in front of the hospital in Phitsanulok City during the dry season from March to April for 60 days. The bus shelter also was modified to be a semi-enclosed area. The result shows that the PM2.5 air purification tower has purification efficiency similar to the results in the laboratory. The cleanliness value of the air exhaust pipe meets the standards of both WHO and the Pollution Control Department of Thailand. However, the clean air volume of five to six cubic meters per minute from the air purification tower could dilute the air in the bus stop by 25-50% because it depends on the air diffusion with the wind speed that enters from the passing car.

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